Writer's choice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Writer's choice - Assignment Example It can also be used to assess whether or not high-priority objectives in the strategic plan are being achieved. In some cases, especially large organizations that have complex processes and relationships, a strategic audit can be employed in monitoring changes in the external environment and providing clues as to areas that need improvement. For some firms, a strategic audit is an instrument for fine-tuning effective corporate strategies with the intention that it continues supporting minor internal and external changes that can occur. Overall, a strategic audit is a vital and almost irreplaceable aspect of organizational strategy and success. If used correctly, it is a source of competitive advantage because it allows companies to understand their strategic orientation and measure it against its internal and external environment to provide a clear view of current and future operations (Gong, 2013). Previous and current research has shown that effective and efficient strategic audits are directly proportional to organizations’ understanding of their markets and competitors. As an enterprise expands, strategic audit becomes increasingly important as it becomes more interconnected with performance and market

A Variety of Society Factors Cause Homelessness Essay Example for Free

A Variety of Society Factors Cause Homelessness Essay National Coalition for the Homeless is a charity that fights to end the homelessness through grassroots organizing, public education, and policy advocacy. They have pointed out the causes for the increasing number of homeless people in the U.S since 2000 in the article â€Å"A Variety of Social Factors Causes Homelessness.† Why is the number of the homeless people increasing day after day in the U.S? Poverty and the homelessness are the current controversial problem that has so many different causes from different countries all over the world. There are three main factors that the National Coalition for the Homeless pointed out in their article such as eroding work opportunities, a decline in public assistance, and a lack of affordable housing in the U.S. Do the authors clearly explain the problem in their article? For an article to be effective, it is imperative that it is clear on its purpose. In the previous essay, the author is successful in identifying the principle behind the article. From the first paragraph, the author is focused on addressing the causes of homelessness in the society (National Coalition for the Homeless 1). Therefore, the reader is aware of the rationale behind the article and its functions after reading the first paragraph. Importantly, this is observable in the consequent paragraphs of the article. The heading choice is consistent with the purpose of the article. The key words in the heading depict that the author is exploring the issue of homelessness in the society. The topic depicts that there are numerous social factors that contribute to the issue of homelessness. This influences the mindset of the readers when they are engaging the article, since they are aware of the contents of the essay, which clarifies that homelessness is a result of complex social factors. This is instrumental in ensuring that the readers comprehend the contents of the article better. When exploring the problem in the article, the author focuses on the predicament of homelessness. In addition, the author uses relevant examples to highlight the problem in depth. This is evident in the statistical data in the third paragraph, which is relevant to the U.S. society: In 2000, 11.3% of the U.S. population, or 31.1 million people, lived in poverty. While the number of poor people has decreased a bit in recent years, the number of people living in extreme poverty has increased (National Coalition of Homelessness, paragraph 3, page 1). The author uses information on poverty levels, and current housing situations to explore the issue of homelessness comprehensively. The author is also clear on the causes of the previous problem. In the article, the author identifies poverty and lack of housing, which is affordable as the primary cause for homelessness in the society. These statistics from the Institute for Children and Poverty are particularly revealing: In the institute fo r Children and Poverty study, 37% of homelessness families had their welfare benefits reduced or cut last year. Additionally, a second study of six states found that between 1997 and 1998, 25% of families who had stopped receiving welfare in the last six months doubled-up on housing to save money, and 23% moved because they could not pay rent (National Coalition of Homelessness, page 2 – 3). However, other secondary causes are also highlighted in the article, and this includes lack of employment, low wages, and a decrease in social support, among others. The author correlates the secondary and primary causes to explore the problem. Despite the author actively highlighting the homelessness problem being experienced in the society, there is not solution provided for the problems. The author concentrates on the social factors which contribute to the problem and how they contribute. The essay is exhaustive when exploring the topic. The author uses numerous examples to explain the significance of the problem. For instance, the author explores the significance of the health sector in the issue of homelessness. This example gives a new dimension to the topic and shows the complexity of the social issues causing homelessness. In addition, the article is valid. This is due to the author’s use of authoritative sources in the field. This is evident in the statistical data, from studies by the Housing and Urban Development (HUD), on the previous problem. The author also engages credible and accurate information on the issue giving the article authority on the topic. The author uses relevant evidence to support the claims of the article. For instance, on this issue of poverty, the author quotes data of average incomes, which is earned by American families: In the data, a 1998 study estimated that 46% of the jobs with the most growth between 1994 and 2005 pay less than $16,000 a year; these jobs will not lift families out of poverty. Moreover, 74% of these jobs pay below a livable wage ($32,185 for a family of four) (National Coalition of Homelessness, page 2). This shows the level of income earned by the American population and its influence in the housing sector. The article also has other relevant examples to support the author’s sentiments. The argument of the author also appeals to the readers emotions. This is clear in the approach of the author to highlight the effect of poverty on society and its influence on homelessness. This elicits emotions from the audience since the issues affect are relatable to the human situation. The article is characterized by the use of data and studies from various authorities on the issue. The author has been effective in making the key words in these studies clear for the audience through elaboration. Therefore, the important words in the article are defined effectively. In the second article, Homelessness is not societys problem, the author uses a challenging title, in that the view is provocative to the addressees. This appears to be a controversial perspective concerning the issue of homelessness due to the emotions related to the topic (Carnacchio 1). Despite the rationale of the article, the argument is not valid since the society cannot disassociate itself from social problems. However, the second article gives for the readers more sides of view about the homeless people. Only some of the homeless people who are not willing to assume the responsibilities associated with maintaining a job and a permanent residence. As White points out, â€Å"In Los Angeles’ inner city, Paul Koegel and M. Audrey Burnam found that nearly 80% of alcoholics in their sample of homeless adults ‘reported that their first alcoholic symptom occurred before they were first homeless’ and that in 57% of the cases this occurred at least five years before their first episode of homelessness.† (Carnacchio, page 2). The article A Variety of Social Factors Causes Homelessness provides a solid argument concerning the issue of homelessness. The author appears to be conversant with the topic and cites authoritative sources on the issue. The topic is instrumental in highlighting the numerous social factors that contribute to homelessness in the American society. Furthermore, homelessness is still a serious problem which has so many different causes but the society have not had the solutions for this problem. From all information of the article, I have learned more knowledge about the causes of homelessness in the U.S. which is a well-developed country but it does exist the homelessness. The cause is not only from the society, but it is also among to all people who are living in this world assume the responsibility for their life and their families. Works Cited National Coalition for the Homeless. A Variety of Social Factors Causes Homelessness. Current Controversies: Poverty and the Homeless. Mary E. Williams. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2004. Opposing Viewpoints Resources Center. Gale. Houston Community College. 18. Jan 2013. Carnacchio, C. J. Homelessness Is Not Societys Problem. Opposing Viewpoints: The Homeless. Ed. Jennifer A. Hurley. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 2002. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gale. Houston Community College. 21. Jan 2013.

A Comparison of A Midsummer Nights Dream and Romeo and Juliet :: comparison compare contrast essays

Various parallels in Romeo and Juliet and A Midsummer Night's Dream tend to support the theory   that the two plays are closely related. It is the purpose of this paper to show that wherever parallels exist, the relationship is probably from A Midsummer Night's Dream to Romeo and Juliet. A close analysis of the spirit of the two plays, and of the different attitudes towards love and life that they present, leads us to the conclusion that A Midsummer   Night's Dream is the natural reaction of Shakespeare's mind from Romeo and Juliet.    It will be unnecessary in this paper to present all the evidence bearing on the dates of composition of the two plays.   There can be little doubt that the first version of Romeo and Juliet appeared about 1591.   The date of the first version of the Dream is more problematical.   The only bit of external evidence is the mention of the play in Francis Meres's2 Palladis Tamiain 1598, but the strongest bit of internal evidence-the supposed reference to the death of Robert Greene, in Act v, I, 52-3:    The thrice three Muses mourning for the death Of Learning, late deceased in beggary--       would fix the date at 1592-3.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Assuming, then, that the Dream was written soon, perhaps immediately, after Romeo and Juliet, let us see if a comparative study of the two plays will not support our hypothesis.    Awake the pert and nimble spirit of mirth, Turn melancholy forth to funerals       says Theseus in the first scene of the Dream, and later in the first scene of Act v:    Lovers and madmen have such seething brains, Such shaping fantasies, that apprehend More than cool reason ever comprehends. The lunatic, the lover, and the poet Are of imagination all compact       These two speeches of Theseus, to whom Shakespeare has given much of his own clear-eyed serenity and benignity, are, it seems to me, significant manifestations of the poet's own mental attitude when he

Statesman VS Politician Essay -- essays research papers

When talking about a person who is trying to run for election in our country, two terms get thrown around loosely, a politician and a statesman. However, there is a difference between the two. A Politician is a leader engaged in civil administration whose main objective is to get elected. Human affairs are not that important to him, he just wants the title. A Statesman however takes interest in human affairs and works for the common good to help people. (http://www.dictionary.com)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  George Washington can be defined as a Statesman. Washington always kept the common good for people in mind. When it was time to choose the first president of the United States of America, George Washington was unanimously voted. George Washington wanted to make sure that the citizens of the United States were all recognized so he traveled the country meeting them, assuring them he was there for the good of the people. (George Washington, American Political Leaders)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aaron Burr, unlike George Washington, is classified as a Politician. Aaron Burr is known for killing Alexander Hamilton in a duel, but it is his ruthless personality that has him most remembered. Burr was most concerned in the title he wanted to win, rather than the good of the people. He took a dislike to Alexander Hamilton after meeting him in the Revolution and they soon became rival Politicians in New York. Burr had a seat in the Senate, but was defeated in reelection. Burr ...

Overfishing and it Effects to the Environment Essay

For the last 10 years, the world had been aware of the various changes which had been occurring within our environment. It is known to us that the actions which our ancestors had done in the past have now caused us many problems such as global disasters that could truly ruin the future of the next generation. In the event of the problem of climate change (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005), various things had come up such as pollution of the air and various water resources. Due to this, different aspect of the environment is deeply affected and sometimes devastated because of the scenarios present. For many people who live in a place where in fishing is their main industry, it is immediately declared that their primary source of income is directly affected by the harsh conditions of the changing weather brought by climate change. Although it is true the climate change is affecting the waters which is one of the main source of our resources, it could not be hidden that the individuals who are directly involved in the industry are also to be blamed to the catastrophe in the water industry. In the waters, one of the main problems which are faced by the industries is the lessening of the fishes in the see. One of the main culprits of this issue is the over fishing of various fishermen who are connected to the huge companies. Over fishing had been a main concern for various non-governmental organizations such that of the Green Peace. It was said by the respectful environmental group that â€Å"over-exploitation and mismanagement of fisheries has already led to some spectacular fisheries collapses. The cod fishery off Newfoundland, Canada collapsed in 1992, leading to the loss of some 40,000 jobs in the industry. The cod stocks in the North Sea and Baltic Sea are now heading the same way and are close to complete collapse† (Green Peace, 2008). Even before human beings have discovered new technologies, it is known that fishes are the main source of food for many. Based on various historical books such as the Bible, fish was the main commodity for the people in order for them to eat. As years gone by, more and more people are inclined to get more fish in order for them to gain income to provide their families. Various innovations and technological advancements were also used to increase the number of catch due to the increasing number of demand for fish. Based on the studies made by the Green Peace and their team of scientists it was stated that overfishing truly is causing a grave danger for the marine life and diversity of our oceans. Most of the fishermen who have the capacity to catch enough fish are those that utilize nets which are not suited to legally catch fish. Many of the fishermen use nets which has smaller holes which do not allow the smaller fishes to escape. This type of scenario happens most of the time, therefore the young fishes were not given a chance to grow and be mature enough to be caught. Through the Young People’s Trust for the Environment, types of events happen due to commercial fishing. There are various techniques that are done by fishermen in order for them to capture various kinds of fishes. There are fishes which are called â€Å"pelagic† meaning they live within the upper parts of the water making them the most accessible fishes to be caught by fishing nets which are connected to the gigantic ships that fishermen use. It is stated that, â€Å"net suspended from floats is stretched between two boats so that fish swim into it. Fish are unable to swim backwards, so once they are caught in the net, there is no escape unless they are small enough to fit through the net’s mesh† (Young People’s Trust for the Environment, 2008). Other fishes that are in the deeper level of the sea are caught differently. There is also a big net placed under the boat which then gets everything that it captures along the way. The marine resources that I catch were not only fish but also the coral reefs, the schools and other organisms which are not supposed to be captured during the act of fishing. Such action is not only disastrous for the young fishes but also the organisms within the environment because they are also being displaced and even killed when there are commercial ships around. (n. p. ) In order to mitigate the problem of over fishing different agencies have created ways in order for them to fully destabilize the problem which is being caused by over fishing. One of the main agencies are the United Nations in which launched various types of programs and amendments to protect the marine resources all over the world as well as protect the marine resources that our world currently have. In 1995, an article was written about the treaty in which was proposed under the United Nations which addresses the problem in over fishing. It states that the treaty should be approved by 185 countries which then be ratified by 30 countries in order for the treaty to be fully taken into place. In addition, another program which had been under the United Nations is the United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement (Government of Canada, 2006). However, Green Peace and World Wildlife Fund had expressed that this treaty would not directly answer the problems of over fishing. In fact, Matthew Gianni had stated that there is a great possibility that yearly there will be new innovations of boats which will be able to detect fish which then result to much more damage to our marine resources (Crossette, 1995). With such article, it directly states that these international organizations does not trust that a plain agreement with various countries thus they suggests more than just an agreement but a full arrangement and limitation of the types of vessels which should be reasonable to be able to catch enough fish. In addition, fishes which will be caught will be enough in size and maturity which will then leave the small fishes to be fully grown and create another generation of fishes. The World Wildlife Fund have done their own actions in order for help create a sustainable fishing for the future generation. They have noted various types of steps in which they called: Fisheries Partnership Agreements which listed these various general actions to fully attain sustainable fishing: †¢ respect sustainable fishing levels account for environmental costs †¢ protect local fishers †¢ include compliance with flag state laws †¢ are based on best practice fisheries management †¢ include cooperation on research and monitoring †¢ ensure adequate monitoring and enforcement capacity †¢ ensure fairer sharing of economic benefits between producer and extractor nations (World Wildlife Fund, 2008) In conclusion, many of our world’s resources had now been gone and are still being abused by various types of industries due to the demand of resources the global economy has. But then, we should remember that we must learn how to conserve our natural resources so that there would not be scarce resources for the future. Like the World Wildlife Fund and the Green Peace have stated, it is not enough the there will be treaties and agreements under these types of issues. It is still important that the mitigation process should be continuously checked in order to incur changes for the environment, the amount of resources as well as to secure the lives of the future generation. The continuous efforts of the international community, through the help of various countries as well as the international organization will lead to a prosperous and much more peaceful fellowship with one another. On the other hand, the issue of climate change must also be resolved for the reason that it also affects the issue regarding overfishing and lessening of the resources available for various marine industries. Although there are issues like this, it should be taken into mind that the responsibility is not only through organizations but also through an individualistic perspective.

How to Build a Computer essays

How to Build a Computer essays Building a computer involves several matters that need to be considered before it is constructed. However before all that I had to research how a computer functions, what type of equipment I had to purchase, and how to assemble it. The first avenue of knowledge I decided to take was a workshop on how to build a personal computer at Solano Community College early last year. The workshop was only designed to last for one day. I could not possibly absorb that much of information in one day; however, I felt it would provide me with a jump-start. The visual explanation by the professor allowed me to understand the concept of computing more clearly when I combined it with the textbook reading. It allowed me to fill in the gaps of information I had not understood during the workshop. After gaining some more knowledge beginning to feel more comfortable with the components and how they fit together. I began to explore my own older computer. I would for example use the textbook an d learn to identify each component by sight and their operations and duties. After I felt I confident with computers, I began to formulate a list of parts and plan on how I was going to assemble them. First, the speed, type, and brand of CPU processor must be determined. Then, depending on the CPU, a motherboard must be chosen. The motherboard is the focal point of the computer. It sets the foundation on which other components will be installed. It establishes what type of RAM, hard drive, computer case, and power supply will be used. However, the amount and size of both the RAM and hard drive must also be determined. Next, a video card and sound card must be chosen. The type of video card depends on the quality of picture desired and whether or not high-end graphics will be used on the computer. The sound card also depends on the quality of sound desired by the user. The next thing to consider is the speed of the CD ROM and the rpm ...

Brigadier General Robert H. Milroy in the Civil War

Brigadier General Robert H. Milroy in the Civil War   Robert H. Milroy - Early Life Career: Born June 11, 1816, Robert Huston Milroy spent the early part of his life near Salem, IN before moving north to Carroll County, IN.   Interested in pursuing a military career, he attended Captain Alden Partridge’s Military Academy in Norwich, VT.   A strong student, Milroy graduated first in the Class of 1843.   Moving to Texas two years later, he then returned home to Indiana with the beginning of the Mexican-American War.   Possessing military training, Milroy earned a commission as a captain in the 1st Indiana Volunteers.   Traveling to Mexico, the regiment participated in patrol and guard duty before their enlistments expired in 1847.   Seeking a new profession, Milroy attended law school at Indiana University and graduated in 1850.   Moving to Rensselaer in northwest Indiana, he commenced a career as a lawyer and eventually became a local judge. Robert H. Milroy - The Civil War Begins: Recruiting a company for the 9th Indiana Militia in the fall of 1860, Milroy became its captain.   Following the attack on Fort Sumter and beginning of the Civil War, his status quickly changed.   On April 27, 1861, Milroy entered federal service as colonel of the 9th Indiana Volunteers.   This regiment moved to Ohio where it joined Major General George B. McClellans forces which were preparing for a campaign in western Virginia.   Advancing, McClellan sought to protect the vital Baltimore Ohio Railroad as well as open a possible line of advance against Richmond.   On June 3, Milroys men took part in the victory at the Battle of Philippi as Union forces sought to reclaim railroad bridges in western Virginia.   The following month, the 9th Indiana returned to action during the fighting at Rich Mountain and Laurel Hill. Robert H. Milroy - Shenandoah: Continuing to serve in western Virginia, Milroy led his regiment when Union troops defeated General Robert E. Lee at the Battle of Cheat Mountain on September 12-15.   Recognized for his effective performances, he received a promotion to brigadier general which was dated to September 3.   Ordered to  Major General John C. Frà ©monts Mountain Department, Milroy assumed command of the Cheat Mountain District.   In the spring of 1862, he took the field as a brigade commander as Union forces sought to defeat Major General Thomas Stonewall Jackson in the Shenandoah Valley.   Having been beaten at the First Battle of Kernstown in March, Jackson withdrew up (south) the valley and received reinforcements.   Pursued by Major General Nathaniel Banks and threatened by  Frà ©mont who was advancing from the west, Jackson moved to prevent the two Union columns from uniting.   Commanding the lead elements of Frà ©monts army, Milroy learned that Jacksons larger force was moving against him.   Withdrawing over Shenandoah Mountain to McDowell, he was reinforced by Brigadier General Robert Schenck. This combined force unsuccessfully attacked Jackson at the Battle of McDowell on May 8 before retreating north to Franklin.   Joining with Frà ©mont, Milroys brigade fought at Cross Keys on June 8 where it was defeated by Jacksons subordinate, Major General Richard Ewell.   Later summer, Milroy received orders to bring his brigade east for service in Major General John Popes Army of Virginia.   Attached to Major General Franz Sigels corps, Milroy mounted multiple attacks against Jacksons lines during the Second Battle of Manassas.    Robert H. Milroy - Gettysburg Western Service: Returning to western Virginia, Milroy became known for his harsh policies toward Confederate civilians.   That December, he occupied Winchester, VA under the belief the it was critical for the protection of the Baltimore Ohio Railroad.   In February 1863, he assumed command of the 2nd Division, VIII Corps and received a promotion to major general the following month.   Though Union general-in-chief Major General Henry W. Halleck did not favor the advanced position at Winchester, Milroys superior, Schenck, did not order him to withdraw closer to the railroad.   That June, as Lee moved north to invade Pennsylvania, Milroy and his 6,900-man garrison, held at Winchester in the belief that the towns fortifications would deter any attack.   This proved incorrect and on June 13-15, he was driven from the town with heavy losses by Ewell.   Retreating towards Martinsburg, the battle cost Milroy 3,400 men and all of his artillery.    Removed from command, Milroy faced a court of inquiry over his actions at Winchester.   This ultimately found him innocent of any wrongdoing during the defeat.   Ordered west in the spring 1864, he arrived at Nashville where he commenced recruiting duties for Major General George H. Thomas Army of the Cumberland.   He later assumed command of the defenses along the Nashville Chattanooga Railroad.   In this capacity, he led Union troops to victory at the  Third Battle of Murfreesboro that December.   Effective in the field, Milroys performance was later complimented by his superior, Major General  Lovell Rousseau.   Remaining in the west for the rest of the war, Milroy later resigned his commission on July 26, 1865. Robert H. Milroy - Later Life: Returning home to Indiana, Milroy served as a trustee of the Wabash Erie Canal Company before accepting the post of superintendent of Indian Affairs in the Washington Territory in 1872.   Leaving this position three years later, he remained in the Pacific Northwest as an Indian agent for a decade.   Milroy died in Olympia, WA on March 29, 1890, and was buried at  Masonic Memorial Park in Tumwater, WA. Selected Sources Civil War Trust: Robert H. MilroyCivil War Generals: Robert H. Milroy

Battle of Dien Bien Phu in the First Indochina War

Battle of Dien Bien Phu in the First Indochina War The Battle of Dien Bien Phu was fought from March 13 to May 7, 1954, and was the decisive engagement of the First Indochina War (1946-1954), the precursor to the Vietnam War. In 1954, French forces in French Indochina sought to cut the Viet Minhs supply lines to Laos. To accomplish this, a large fortified base was constructed at Dien Bien Phu in northwest Vietnam. It was hoped that the presence of the base would draw the Viet Minh into a pitched battle where superior French firepower could destroy its army. Poorly sited in the low ground of the valley, the base was soon besieged by Viet Minh forces which used artillery and infantry assaults to grind down the enemy while also deploying a large number of anti-aircraft guns to prevent the French from resupplying or evacuating. In nearly two months of fighting, the entire French garrison was either killed or captured. The victory effectively ended the First Indochina War and led to the 1954 Geneva Accords which split the country into North and South Vietnam. Background With the First Indochina War going poorly for the French, Premier Rene Mayer dispatched General Henri Navarre to take command in May 1953. Arriving in Hanoi, Navarre found that no long-term plan existed for defeating the Viet Minh and that French forces simply reacted to the enemys moves. Believing that he was also tasked with defending neighboring Laos, Navarre sought an effective method for interdicting Viet Minh supply lines through the region. Working with Colonel Louis Berteil, the hedgehog concept was developed which called for French troops to establish fortified camps near Viet Minh supply routes. Supplied by air, the hedgehogs would allow French troops to block the Viet Minhs supplies, compelling them to fall back. The concept was largely based on the French success at the Battle of Na San in late 1952. General Vo Nguyen Giap. Photograph Source: Public Domain Holding the high ground around a fortified camp at Na San, French forces had repeatedly beaten back assaults by General Vo Nguyen Giaps Viet Minh troops. Navarre believed that the approach used at Na San could be enlarged to force the Viet Minh to commit to a large, pitched battle where superior French firepower could destroy Giaps army. Building the Base In June 1953, Major General Renà © Cogny first proposed the idea of creating a mooring point at Dien Bien Phu in northwest Vietnam. While Cogny had envisioned a lightly defended airbase, Navarre seized on the location for trying the hedgehog approach. Though his subordinates protested, pointing out that unlike Na San they would not hold the high ground around the camp, Navarre persisted and planning moved forward. On November 20, 1953, Operation Castor commenced and 9,000 French troops were dropped into the Dien Bien Phu area over the next three days. Colonel Christian de Castries. US Army With Colonel Christian de Castries in command, they quickly overcame local Viet Minh opposition and began building a series of eight fortified strong points. Given female names, de Castries headquarters was located in the center of four fortifications known as Huguette, Dominique, Claudine, and Eliane. To the north, northwest, and northeast were works dubbed Gabrielle, Anne-Marie, and Beatrice, while four miles to the south, Isabelle guarded the bases reserve airstrip. Over the coming weeks, de Castries garrison increased to 10,800 men supported by artillery and ten M24 Chaffee light tanks. Battle of Dien Bien Phu Conflict: First Indochina War (1946-1954)Dates: March 13-May 7, 1954Armies and Commanders:FrenchBrigadier General Christian de CastriesColonel Pierre LanglaisMajor General Rene Cogny10,800 men (March 13)Viet MinhVo Nguyen Giap48,000 men (March 13)Casualties:French: 2,293 killed, 5,195 wounded, and 10,998 capturedViet Minh: approx. 23,000 Under Siege Moving to attack the French, Giap dispatched troops against the fortified camp at Lai Chau, forcing the garrison to flee towards Dien Bien Phu. En route, the Viet Minh effectively destroyed the 2,100-man column and only 185 reached the new base on December 22. Seeing an opportunity at Dien Bien Phu, Giap moved approximately 50,000 men into the hills around the French position, as well as the bulk of his heavy artillery and anti-aircraft guns. The preponderance of Viet Minh guns came as a surprise to the French who did not believe that Giap possessed a large artillery arm. Though Viet Minh shells began falling on the French position on January 31, 1954, Giap did not open the battle in earnest until 5:00 PM on March 13. Utilizing a new moon, Viet Minh forces launched a massive assault on Beatrice behind a heavy barrage of artillery fire. French M24 Chaffee light tanks firing during the Battle of Dien Bien Phu, 1954. US Army Extensively trained for the operation, Viet Minh troops quickly overcame French opposition and secured the works. A French counterattack the next morning was easily defeated. The next day, artillery fire disabled the French airstrip forcing supplies to be dropped by parachute. That evening, Giap sent two regiments from the 308th Division against Gabrielle. Battling Algerian troops, they fought through the night. Hoping to relieve the beleaguered garrison, de Castries launched a counterattack north, but with little success. By 8:00 AM on March 15, the Algerians were forced to retreat. Two days later, Anne-Maries was easily taken when the Viet Minh were able to convince the Tai (a Vietnamese ethnic minority loyal to the French) soldiers manning it to defect. Though the next two weeks saw a lull in fighting, the French command structure was in tatters. The End Nears Despairing over the early defeats, de Castries secluded himself in his bunker and Colonel Pierre Langlais effectively took command of the garrison. During this time, Giap tightened his lines around the four central French fortifications. On March 30, after cutting off Isabelle, Giap began a series of assaults on the eastern bastions of Dominique and Eliane. Achieving a foothold in Dominique, the Viet Minhs advance was stopped by concentrated French artillery fire. Fighting raged in Dominique and Eliane through April 5, with the French desperately defending and counterattacking. Pausing, Giap shifted to trench warfare and attempted to isolate each French position. Over the next several days, fighting continued with heavy losses on both sides. With his mens morale sinking, Giap was forced to call for reinforcements from Laos. While the battle raged on the eastern side, Viet Minh forces succeeded in penetrating Huguette and by April 22 had captured 90% of the air strip. This made resupply, which had been difficult due to heavy anti-aircraft fire, next to impossible. Between May 1 and May 7, Giap renewed his assault and succeeded in overrunning the defenders. Fighting to the end, the last French resistance ended by nightfall on May 7. French prisoners of war are marched out of Dien Bien Phu, 1954. Public Domain Aftermath A disaster for the French, losses at Dien Bien Phu numbered 2,293 killed, 5,195 wounded, and 10,998 captured. Viet Minh casualties are estimated at around 23,000. The defeat at Dien Bien Phu marked the end of the First Indochina War and spurred peace negotiations which were ongoing in Geneva. The resulting 1954 Geneva Accords partitioned the country at the 17th Parallel and created a communist state in the north and a democratic state in the south. The resulting conflict between these two regimes ultimately grew into the Vietnam War.

Most important figure in American History Essay

Most important figure in American History - Essay Example "And it may be truly said, that never did nature and fortune combine more perfectly to make a man great" - Jefferson (Hawkinson, 2005: 243). Washington served in the American Revolutionary War as a commander in the Continental Army. He had been appointed in 1775 as Commander-in-Chief of the American revolutionary forces by the Continental Congress. The next year it was due to him that the British were driven out of Boston. He also failed New York City that same year plus went across the Delaware River in New Jersey. He astonished and defeated the enemy units. It was because of his tactics that the Revolutionary forces were able to capture the two major British combat armies at Saratoga and Yorktown. When the war was over Washington went back to his private life which prompted the surprised King George III to say, "If he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world" (Higginbotham, 2001: 221). Washington presided over the Philadelphia Convention which was responsible for drafting the Constitution of America due to there being mutual discontent with the Articles of Confederation. This happened in 1787 and two years later he became the president of the country (Freidel, 1994). Following his presidency he set up several customs and a using of the novel government's executive department. Washington attempted at creating a country that would have the capability of surviving in a world that was going down due to the ongoing war between Britain and France. He was in favor of plans for building a powerful central government which could be done if funded through the national debt, if there was an implementation of an efficient tax mechanism, and also through the creation of a national bank. Instead of going for war, Washington peacefully negotiated with Britain through the Jay Treaty in 1795. Washington was in favor of the programs organized by the Federalist Party but never actua lly joined the group. Washington is a great figure in American history and is perceived to be the country's identification plus said to be republicanism with regard to his practices. The early American politicians admired Washington greatly. He was given the first award of Congressional Gold Medal with the Thanks of Congress. Washington expired in the year 1799. Several scholars have named him as one of the greatest Presidents of United States. Biography Washington was born in the February of 1732 (Leibiger, 2001). His father passed away when he was 11 and his half brother assumed the part of his father. Washington experienced a lot of protectiveness and demand from his mother who did not allow him to join the British navy as Lawrence, his brother, wanted. When Washington was 16 he went on to live with Lawrence on Mount Vernon. He had his schooling at Colonial Virginia but did not go to college. In 1749 Washington became the surveyor for Culpepper County, Virginia. This happened following a trek for Lord Fairfax. From 1752 till 1758 he was in the military after which the Virginia House of Burgesses elected him. His speeches were in opposition to Britain's policies. Then he even became a leader in the Association. From 1775-1783 Washington led the Continental Army during the American Revolution after which, in 1787, he was made the president of the Constitutional Convention. Although

Legal Aspects of Health Care College Case Study

Legal Aspects of Health Care College - Case Study Example Dr. William may also partially answer to the charges against him and partially demur to the complaint. "364.(a) No action based upon the health care provider's professional negligence may be commenced unless the defendant has been given at least 90 days' prior notice of the intention to commence the action." A subpoena refers to the process whereby a person is asked to appear in the court to testify in a case as a witness. Sections 1985 to 1997 of the California Code of Civil Procedures provide details on the conduct and types of subpoena. The person may be asked to personally present in the court to testify (depending upon the contents of subpoena) and provide expert opinion on a process in which he has expertise in; or he/ she may be asked to bring a book, record or any other form of document as evidences. In responding to a subpoena, the obligations may include producing personal record (if these are in possession) for Joan's treatment at the clinic; and providing professional opinion as to the sequence of events, conduct of professional expertise by Dr. Williams, etc. If a person provides false reports and testifies incorrectly, it may result in court taking actions against the subpoenaed (the person who is issued a subpoena). Thus, there is obligation to truthfully and accurately provide all required information to the court. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was developed to protect 'individually identifiable health information' in any form. The term individually identifiable health information is defined by the Act as: the individual's past, present or future physical or mental health or condition, the provision of health care to the individual, or the past, present, or future payment for the provision of health care to the individual, and that identifies the individual or for which there is a reasonable basis to believe it can be used to identify the individual. (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2009). As appears from the case, Dr. Williams showed Joan's medical records to his friend and thus showed him the provision of health care to Joan. This is in violation of HIPAA. As per the Act, he was not supposed to share this information with anyone

HBR 6 - Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HBR 6 - - Case Study Example Consequently, companies depend upon these executives too much and their departure can cost a company all its success. The bossy and non-cooperative style of the overachieving executives demotivates other organizational personnel. As opposed to such bossy style of leadership driven by the excessive motivation for achievement in the executives, the authors have identified directive, visionary, affiliative, participative, pacesetting, and coaching styles of leadership as the ones that can help an executive manager motivate organizational personnel. None of these leadership styles can be established as better or worse than the other as each has its own pros and cons. The hypothesis of this article is that overachieving managers can only bring short term success for a company and fail to develop rapport with other organizational personnel. Another hypothesis of this article is that in order to ensure long term success of a company, it is imperative that the executives place more emphasis on the organizational personnel than numbers and

SMB team on-demand CRM comparison guide by Ziff Davis Essay

SMB team on-demand CRM comparison guide by Ziff Davis - Essay Example The products can also be applied for single use or for departmental use. Each product also has a different pricing basis that ranges in price, duration of license and number of users per license. The products’ mode of sale, year of development, and ownership are also diversified. They however serve a wide customer base in the global market (Davis, p. 1).The reported Customer Relationship Management products also have differentiated features. The products’ specifications such as versions are for example distinct for each product. Similarly, the products functions are diversified and include â€Å"sales, marketing, service, workflow, system customization, offline synchronization, customer service, reporting and inventory management† functions that are either singly or jointly applicable (Davis, p. 2). The products are also identified with special features that apply to some of the functionalities. Such functions are sales, marketing.The content of the paper â€Å" SMB team on-demand CRM comparison guide by Ziff Davis† is relevant and valuable to my project that seeks to recommend application of Customer Relationship Management to Macy’s enterprises. This is because it identifies features of different Customer Relationship Management products, their functions that identify the products’ benefits, and features of every product towards its functions. It therefore helps with information that supports my project’s recommendation of a specific product to Macy’s Inc.

Justice in the distribution of marketing service (Walmart) for the Research Paper

Justice in the distribution of marketing service (Walmart) for the population density in Arkansas state in 2000 and 2010 - Research Paper Example The average life expectancy in Arkansas is 76.0 years. This period is shorter than the U.S life expectancy of 78.0 years approximately all of the 75 counties in Arkansas apart from three have life expectancies shorter than the total average nationally. Benton County in the north-west Arkansas has the longest life expectancy, which is 79.8 years. Phillips County located in eastern Arkansas has the shortest life expectancy, which was 69.8 years. This period has a difference of 10 years in life expectancy. There are averagely 17 counties with life expectancies that are six to ten years shorter than Benton County. Arkansas borders Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. Arkansas 10 biggest cities and towns are Little Rock, Springdale, North Little Rock, Fort Smith, Jonesboro, Fayetteville, Bentonville, Pine Bluff, Rogers, and Conway (Rice 13). This work discusses how justice is not done equally in the distribution of marketing provision (Walmart) for the population compactness in Arkansas State in 2000 and 2010. Tourism is one of the Benton County’s leading productions, generating $6.66 billion in transactions yearly. Arkansas State Metroparks subsidies to this commerce. Almost 12 percent of tourists to Benton County emanate for the perseverance of visiting the outside, such as parks, trails, and seashores. These tourists devote $743 million per annum in the native economy and create $50.6 million in government and confined sales taxes. -Inhabitants also appreciate Arkansas State Metroparks trails and botanical gardens. Each year occupants of Benton County collects a subsidy of $40.5 million for the straight use of these park amenities (Rice 19). Autonomous investigation shows that park use transforms into an enlarged physical bustle, resulting in medical fee savings. Roughly 143,000 adult occupants of Benton County participate in physical commotion at a level adequate to produce computable health benefits,

SMB team on-demand CRM comparison guide by Ziff Davis Essay

SMB team on-demand CRM comparison guide by Ziff Davis - Essay Example The products can also be applied for single use or for departmental use. Each product also has a different pricing basis that ranges in price, duration of license and number of users per license. The products’ mode of sale, year of development, and ownership are also diversified. They however serve a wide customer base in the global market (Davis, p. 1).The reported Customer Relationship Management products also have differentiated features. The products’ specifications such as versions are for example distinct for each product. Similarly, the products functions are diversified and include â€Å"sales, marketing, service, workflow, system customization, offline synchronization, customer service, reporting and inventory management† functions that are either singly or jointly applicable (Davis, p. 2). The products are also identified with special features that apply to some of the functionalities. Such functions are sales, marketing.The content of the paper â€Å" SMB team on-demand CRM comparison guide by Ziff Davis† is relevant and valuable to my project that seeks to recommend application of Customer Relationship Management to Macy’s enterprises. This is because it identifies features of different Customer Relationship Management products, their functions that identify the products’ benefits, and features of every product towards its functions. It therefore helps with information that supports my project’s recommendation of a specific product to Macy’s Inc.

Con position - Unwilling patients should undergo routine lifesaving Essay

Con position - Unwilling patients should undergo routine lifesaving procedures against their will - Essay Example In this regard, my position in such views is that patients should not undergo routine lifesaving procedures against their will. As much as making them undergo the life saving procedures is for their own good, doing so against their will is illegal. Pozgar (2012) claims that medical directives passed a Do Not resuscitate order explaining the concept of patient self-rule to some situations in which they are not able to make some crucial decisions because of incapacitation. This law instructs the doctors not to perform resuscitation cardiopulmonary or life-saving procedures to patients against their will and other life procedures in terms of restarting the breathing or heart once it ceases. This medical order is one of the key legal concepts that place medical limits in terms of treatment, as well as guides the doctors on the options and wishes of the patient and therefore helps the patient’s family members make decisions according to patient’s wishes. Therefore, one should not resuscitate a patient against his will. Additionally, some doctors tend to take advantage on the patient’s situation or illness and can prefer to perform life saving procedures on the patient. Ashton, Barbara, Lyer, & Shea (2006) claim that there are some circumstances that exist before taking a human life, in which such decisions must be approved and justified. Guidelines should be followed in the medical grounds when it comes to making some decisions on patients who are extremely ill or have severe injuries that are hard to establish. Despite some life procedures designed to avoid the suffering of the patient, in some medical cases which are irreversible, medical personnel should not use them on patients against their will. This is because the procedures should only be used on the patients if they have communicated or authorized to be saved in case of emergencies (Pozgar, 2012). Additionally, some patients die because of some

Value-Neutrality Paper Associated with Counseling Essay Example for Free

Value-Neutrality Paper Associated with Counseling Essay When working in the counseling field, one must remain neutral about issues that a client is suffering from. A counselor should not criticize a client for what he or she may believe in and should make ethical decisions when dealing with his or her clients. Within this paper, one will locate personal beliefs on ethical decisions, factors that might lead a counselor to referring a client to another counselor and, what would a counselor do if a referral is not an option. As a counselor, remaining value-neutral to a client’s situation should always be practiced with ethical decision-making. A counselor should remain neutral to all issues that a client is in session for to give the client the necessary help that is needed. If a counselor expresses moral judgment to a client in regards to his or her issue, the client can become resistant to the therapy session and the counselor. A client comes to the counselor because they are looking for help not to be judged or looked at negatively (Module 3 Lecture). With the issues stated above, I would be able to have a therapy session with a client, even though I am against all of the issues. Personally, I would stay away from my own values and beliefs so that no problems will arise within our counseling relationship. An example is that if I were to use my own values in a therapeutic session with a client, it would be only to allow the client to see that I was not successful with a similar issue they are facing. Out of nine ethical-decision making models that were created for counselors, no two models were alike but had similarities. Most of the models stated for one to identify the problem, consult the ethic codes, think about the consequences of the decision, and choose what is best for the client (Remley Herlihy, 2010). With ethical-decision making, as a counselor one must integrate a model that fits them personally to help the client because no one model works for everyone. If a counselor is faced with a client who suffers from any of these issues, the counselor has to work with the client to help them with his or her situation. Be mindful to the issue that the client is facing and if you are not experienced and do not fully understand, get help from another counselor who is more experienced in that area. A factor that may lead a counselor to refer a client to another counselor is handled case by case for the best outcome for the client. Reasons would be, if the client has come to a counselor that is not trained to treat the condition the client needs help with, dual relationships, insurance reasons, financial abilities of an agency, or if the client and counselor is having difficulties relating. If referring a client was not an option, I would work with another counselor to gain the necessary knowledge that is needed to treat my client and make the situation professional (Module 3 Lecture).

Liberal And Illiberal Democracies In The 20th Century Politics Essay

Liberal And Illiberal Democracies In The 20th Century Politics Essay The turning point in the 20th century was declaring the victory of liberal democracy on world level, this is what Fukuyama said in his famous book the end of the history which at the same time overlook the crimes of liberal democracy against the non-European people.That is, the end point of mankinds ideological evolution and the universalization of Western liberal democracy as the final form of human government.(Fukuyama,1992). It is easy to establish this hypothesis on some historical evidences. So after the fall of Fascism in 1945, soviet communism was the main alternative to the western liberalism, but even this collapsed by the outbreak of the revolutions in the Eastern Europe countries between 1989 and 1991, rejecting government principles of planning and interventions. As in Africa, Asia and Latin America the democratizing of the political system is done by the proliferation of different parties and the growing tendency towards economic reform which is based on the market. Thos e continuing operations reflect the obvious superiority of the liberal ideology over other competitive ideologies. The future seems to be apparent by the shrinking of the economic and political difference at different rates to meet all on the liberal democratic model. According to Fukuyamas argument, the victory of liberal democracy is the only solution that is capable to live and continue. Fukuyamas concept consists of two parts that are associated with each other. First is liberality: the existence of a limited author of the state that allows individuals and citizens to exercise a great deal of personal freedom and their capability to participate in political life by giving them the freedom of expression and other different things. The second part is democracy: which means, in Fukuyamas perspective, the real capacity of people to choose the governments they want. Fukuyama tries to emphasize that the U.S. is not the ideal model for his idea of liberal democracy. But at the same time he refuses any other model along these lines, so when the Chinas communism model was introduced, Fukuyama responded quickly by saying that Chinas economic success was due to their capability to get rid of the socialist system and introduce their economic freedom as a substitute: Japan may offer an alternative to Americas liberal democracy and combine a successful economy with social bonds. (Fukuyama, 2009, 85).In fact that is true but what China needs to be a liberal democratic country is to get rid of the single party system and support the multi-party democracy. Fukuyama believed that liberal democracy and the market-oriented economic system are the only two alternatives that are able for application in the modern societies. Now the World has seen the progress of the West over the rest of other societies, this is due to their belief that progress at both the scientific and theoretical sides goes back to their faith in liberal political thought. The democratic experiment in the West took root through the law of the market and the transfer of power to the socialist parties in more than one European country; all this confirms the credibility of the liberal democratic model in the world. To understand the differences between liberal and non-liberal democracy: Liberal democracy does not just include elections and establishing some official democratic foundations like parliament and courts, it also includes the creation of free press; the rule of law; an independent judicial system; the rights of minorities, the freedom of speech; the ability of parties and individuals to seek to divert official positions peacefully through competitive elections as well as the establishment of independent civil foundations that are in charge of solving civilians problems apart from any governmental control. Non-liberal (illiberal) democracy, which was established by the journalist and the editor Fared Zakaria, means a system in which elections are made where civil liberties and civil rights as well as the multiple dimensions of a real democratic society are severely limited or non-existent. Societies that were under the effect of totalitarian governments and were affected by ethnic and sectarian divisions were the most affected ones by such internal conflicts. So Zakaria was trying to illustrate that liberty and democracy can only be connected in the western societies and not for the third world societies, that is because the liberal democracy system is not just about free elections, it exceeds that to include the rule of law, the separation of powers as well as the protection of fundamental freedoms to citizens such as the freedom of speech, of movement, of listening, of ownership and the freedom of religions. Zakaria believed deeply in democracy and mentioned that democracy has moved from being a form of government to a way of living (the future of freedom,2003), but this didnt prevent him from criticizing this phenomenon, especially when it separated from liberalism its mixed partner in the West to an extent that may cause an imbalance in governments power which could impede its performance or affect it negatively. To criticize illiberal democracy Zakaria set Hitler as an example who get to power through democratic elections, the point is that many dictatorship governance system around the world use the election system à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Which at the same time ignoring the constitutional limitations on its authority andà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.its citizens from their fundamental rights . Within this competition, still the differences in opinions between democracies a continuing problem, often these democracies differs among themselves about important political options such as the promotion of democracy, international economic policy and how best to respond to threats of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, failed stats, ethnic conflict, violations of human rights. Despite the calls for formation of Commonwealth of Democracies to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦for the weaknesses of the United Nations, the European Union and other international institutions to face the worlds problems, still the common standers remain over where should draw the line between liberal democracy and illiberal democracy a big problem. We cannot find lots of countries that wish to give priority to such a gathering upon their provided obligations to its regional bodies and other institutionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ To sum it up, the fall of the Berlin Wall two decades ago, the collapse of communism, the end of the Cold War, as well as the success of rebels in Ukraine and Georgia are all signs of real progress for democracy. Thus the future victory has to be for the liberal democracy system according to Fukuyama and Zakaria. The way of living today is a democratic way in spite of all the conflicts; the information revolution; the tendency to an open environment towards liberalization and the critical demonstrations demanding freedom like the way now in Iran. The other side of democracy or the negative side is that it can be used for violence, violence is becoming democratic in the way that any group of people are able to exercise violence and bombing without resorting to the state apparatus. Accordingly, terrorism is spreading under the name of democracy. Accordingly, the success of democracy is not inevitable. And as many American leaders starting from Roosevelt, Truman ending with Obama by say ing that the aspiration for freedom of democracy is fundamentally a human yearning. In the 1990s Francis Fukuyama claimed that liberal democracy had won the twentieth centurys ideological battle. In contrast, Fareed Zakaria argued that the emergence of illiberal democracies threatens to discredit liberal democracy itself, casting a shadow on democratic governance. Systematically discuss and analyse the foundations of Fukuyamas argument and how it has been countered by other liberal thinkers like Zakaria. Do international relations in the 21st century support or undermine the idea of Liberalisms victory?

The Reagen and Bush Presidencies Essay -- Comapre Contrast Comparison

INTRODUCTION It is widely accepted that George Bush Snr. was forced to play out his presidency in the mighty shadow of Ronald Reagan. Reagan's charm and personality was one of his greatest strengths and, even now, is widely revered for his time as President. Bush was reportedly always conscious of people's expectations of him in view of his predecessor and this burden seemed to weigh heavily. Reagan's achievements in Washington were considerable, if not in number then in impact. His political and strategic skills were impressive and Bush cannot be said to have equalled his achievements at home, and this is borne out by Bush's failure to win re-election. Nevertheless Bush made some staggeringly important contributions to the international arena and is deeply respected for his part in world events where there is every reason to suspect that Reagan would not have been. The huge differences between the two are even more interesting given that Bush was a dutiful Vice President to Reagan for eight years and sought on gaining office only to take over where he left off. Bush did not set out to ring the changes between Reagan and himself; quite the opposite. He purported to be the archetypal guardian president; consolidating Reagan's good work and continuing to steer America on the same path. So why then did they turn out to be such almost polar opposites? This essay explores the realms of domestic politics, vision and leadership and international issues with the focus on drawing comparison between the two men and their styles of leadership and analysing in each instance who may have been the more effective president. I will conclude that, regardless of actual achievements real success in presidential terms depends on successful handling of the media, an area Reagan understood and Bush never would. IMAGE, PERSONALITY, AND MEDIA RELATIONS It is almost universally agreed that Ronald Reagan's greatest strength, certainly early in his first term and arguably until he left office was his ability to communicate with the American people. He won the presidency not only on his package of radical reforms at a time when the current policy orthodoxies had failed the Americans (along with most of the rest of the western world), but on his winsome personality, his awesome eloquence and his considerable charisma. A direct comparison with Margaret Thatcher can ... ...symbolism than the vast disconnect between what people close to Bush perceive about the man and what much of the public ultimately believed" Reagan, on the other hand, is remembered not only for his reforms in policy, but overwhelmingly for the connection he managed to achieve with the American voting public. This not only secures him a place in fond memory but was ultimately what allowed him to achieve that which he did whilst in office; "In the modern era, the presidential image is tantamount to reality" . Where Bush might easily have been the better President given the requisite media talents and a little more political sophistication, in fact Reagan came out of his term of office the more successful of the two. BIBLIOGRAPHY Â · Kellerman, B., 'The Political Presidency', Ch. 11; (1984) Â · Light, P., 'The President's Agenda' Chs. 10, 11, 12; (1999) Â · Mervin, D., 'George Bush and the Guardianship Presidency', Chs. 2, 9; (1996) Â · Rose, R., 'The Post-Modern Presidency', Ch. 15; (1991) Â · Rozell, M. J., 'In Reagan's Shadow: Bush's Antirhetorical Presidency', Presidential Studies Quarterly; (Winter 1998) Â · Wildavsky, A., 'The Beleaguered Presidency', ch. 12; (1994)

Yoga Practice on Major Depression in Adult Females Essay -- Psycholo

The National Institute of Mental Health cites findings from a 2005 study that depression affected 6.7% of adults in the United States (2005). The majority of adults affected were between the ages of eighteen and sixty, and more women than men exhibited symptoms of major depression (NIMH 2005). Various antidepressant medications are advertised via television commercials, but I wondered if alternate treatments were available, and if so, how effective those treatments might be. I am currently enrolled in a Yoga class, and I have found that this focused practice results not only in the relaxation of my body, but also in the clarity of my mind. I was curious if regular, consistent Yoga practice could have a beneficial effect on women who suffer from depression. A study conducted in 2007 examined the effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, or MBCT, on adults afflicted with chronic depression (Barnhofer et al., 2009). This approach incorporated meditation with cognitive therapy, in which participants learn how to navigate negative experiences and emotions (Barnhofer et al., 2009). The researchers used a combination of surveys and psychological interviews to evaluate each potential participant’s level of depression, and those who were selected participated not only in group sessions, but they were also provided with literature to guide them in individual practice (Barnhofer et al., 2009). Through the use of additional surveys and follow up interviews, Barnhofer and his colleagues found that Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy was effective at decreasing symptoms of major depression (2009). Another study conducted in Japan attempted to determine if consistent Yoga practice benefitted one’s mental health. This study focused on ... ... the scientific process in both designing and carrying out my experimental study regarding the effects of consistent Yoga practice on adult females with depression symptoms. Works Cited Barnhofer, T., Crane, C., Hargus, E., Amarasinghe, M., Winder, R., & Williams, J.M.G. (2009). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as a treatment for chronic depression: A preliminary study. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47(5). Retrieved from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796709000333 Yoshihara, K., Hiramoto, T., Sudo, N., & Kubo, C. (2011). Profile of mood states and stress-related biochemical indices in long-term yoga practitioners. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 5(6). doi: 10.1186/1751-0759-5-6 National Institute of Mental Health (2005, June). Major Depressive Disorder Among Adults. Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/1MDD_ADULT.shtml

“Let’s Talk About Sex” Documentary Essay

James Houston put together the documentary â€Å"Let’s Talk About Sex† that highlights the differences between American’s approach to sex education and that of other countries like the Netherlands. The stereotypes, controversy, and irony all related to sex is put out in the open and discussed. Throughout the film, it is obvious that America’s ways of sex education and attitude towards sex has created a negative connotation. The Europeans have a much more open approach when it comes to the discussion of sex and started sex education at an early age. American’s, on the other hand, have a very closed approach to sex discussion and save sex education for later ages. This negative connotation and approach to education has resulted in the States having much higher rates of teen pregnancy, teen birth, and sexually transmitted infections when compared to European countries. One could say that it’s time the United States changes its approach and opinions regarding sex, sexuality, and the education behind it. Throughout the movie, there was a commonality between those who held a biased opinion on the topic of sex. Those who believed abstinence should be enforced and were against an open discussion of sexual relations were often times from the older generation. It’s the parents of teens, most teachers of sex education, and even people within the churches that held a bias. They believed that teens should not be involved in sexual activities and that it should be saved for marriage. Along with that, they stood behind the idea that the teens should not be educated about sex until later in high school and the open discussion of sex and sexuality was not proper. Kelsey’s mother was one of these biased people. She was strongly against the idea of Kelsey taking part in sexual activities until she got married and did make it easy for Kelsey to openly communicate with her about her sexual relations. For those teens that do take part in sexual activities, they are looked down upon in the greater portion of American culture because of the negative connotations that have been established here in the United States. With these biases, it has put sex into a negative category not just for the minority, being the teens, but most Americans in general. In America, sex is not something people openly talk about nor is it something that teens are â€Å"suppose† to take part in. The idea of teens taking part in sexual relations prior to marriage is greatly frowned upon and the stigma of carrying a condom has scared them away from it. An example of this, which was shared in the movie, is that in the Netherlands, carrying a condom starting in their teens is very common and encouraged. Where as in the states, if a teen were to be caught with a condom, others would view that as a sign of someone who is very promiscuous. In the movie, females thought males who carried condoms wanted nothing but sex from a girl while males thought that women who carried condoms were easy and considered sluts. This negative impact in the States has generated these stereotypes surrounding sex. The effects of these stereotypes have negative outcomes. For example, if a guy is afraid to carry a condom because of the stereotype and when it comes time for him to take part in sexual activities, he won’t be properly prepared. Without the protection, he is at risk for STIs and possibility of pregnancy in girls. This is also true vice versa with girls; they too should carry condoms, but are afraid due to the negative association. There is also a negative idea behind the discussion of sex in an open setting. Most parents in the US are afraid to talk about sex with their teens sharing both their sexual lives and discussing their teens. Because the parents are not open to it, the teens are afraid to approach their parents with sex related questions or tell them they have taken part in sexual activities. Because of this, many teens go with out proper instruction and correct information in regards to sexual activities. Where as if the parents were more open and accepting of the idea of their teens taking part in sexual activities, it would open an avenue for better knowledge and maybe even help prevent STIs, pregnancies, and other sex related issues. The minority group in â€Å"Let’s Talk About Sex† stood as US teens. These teens faced the discrimination of elder groups and negative stereotypes, but throughout the course of the movie, it showed how things are slowly changing. Several people who are often viewed as community leaders are working to properly educate teens. An example was reverend Williams, who created an open area to discuss sex related things and offer proper education. Some teachers also voiced their opinion on how they believe sex ed. should be more about sexual relations and not about human anatomy. They also believe the education should begin at younger ages when kids are going through puberty and developing sexually developing. This is one way these teens are getting the upper hand on discrimination. Another is that opening the idea of family discussions about sex and the idea of teens being involved in sexual relations. Breaking the assumption that abstinence is the only answer and opening the door to discussion, using the Netherlands as an example. By the end of the movie, Kelsey, whose mother originally frowned upon sex before marriage, was able to change her mothers mind and even talk about her sexual relations. These are just a couple of the ways the teens slowly made change, there is still a lot more to be talked about and changed. When reflecting back, I too can relate to the US teens in the documentary. I have noticed the closed door in terms of the discussion of sex and human sexuality as well as the stigmas associated with teens’ involvement in sexual activities. I do believe there is something to be said about the Netherlands approach to human sexuality and sex, especially when looking at the number of teen pregnancies and transmission of STIs compared to the much larger number in the US. We, as the United States, could benefit from a change in the atmosphere surrounding teen sex, and sex in general. Sex is a natural thing.

‘Beautiful Burnout’ by Frantic Assembly

The lights, the outstanding choreography, searing vitality, the knockouts and the unbeatable storyline, are all factors which made this particular play an unforgettable one. I had rather high expectations of the play when I read that Mark Ravenhill had directed one of the adaptations plus the engaging reviews I had read had led me to believe it was going to be brilliant. However, even though the play was spectacular, from my point of view the storyline isn't something that would have attracted me initially and to be blatantly honest a few scenes during the production lost my interest and attention several times, therefore my expectations of the play where slightly let down by the ongoing boxing chatter and masculine clichi fight scenes. A brief description of the story is the dream of a young man and his manager for the young boxer to triumph in the boxing world and become a legend, his dreams are in the blink of an eye stolen from him when during a championship game he is injured and disabled for life, showing that his abilities an love of the game when put into perspective weren't worth it due to the loss of his normal everyday abilities, this proves boxing to be a controversial sport. The play was indeed gripping, due to its controversy, mainly because boxing in the past and present day is one of the most dangerous sports ever to be conceived by our society. It creates many disputable topics and arguments in today's world. The play was undoubtedly contemporary as shown by its many predominant features. This is an obvious observation due to the swearing, colloquialism and contemporary linguistics throughout. The use of visual aids were frequently in use, which consisted of lighting and sound, these played a huge factor in the success and outcome of the play, they did so by using the lighting as an emphasis on the emotion of the storyline, both intimate and intriguing moments, for example when Cameron was struck down the lighting was changed from and exciting purple (to convey an up-beat fight) then drastically to a blood red (in order to show defeat and violence). Furthermore, there were absolutely no set changes, instead they impressively did so by depending solemnly on lighting to change it, quite impressive form my point of view. Another inspiring attribute to the settings of the play was the use of screens which were placed behind the stage, they were very useful in transmitting messages concerning the storyline, sentiments and outlook of the characters. Also the stage was combined with a boxing ring, which made the scene more realistic and believable, it was placed in the centre of the theatre, with the audience surrounding the stage accept behind it, where the screens were located. The set was ever-changing, which gave an exuberant and dramatic effect, during emotional and key moments of the play the entire stage would spin round. There were very few props, however the ones that were present, gave the set a symbolic atmosphere and deepened the meaning of the play (e. g. the washing machine). The sound was also incredibly dependent on the emotion of each scene, it played a vital part on transmitting the adrenalin the boxers were feeling, the music was very loud with an engaging and overwhelming base, which gave the audience a lively and exciting rush. On the down side, from my point of view there were limited boxing sound effects, I personally thought they could have played on it and emphasized it, for example when one of the characters hit something or someone they could have added a sound to symbolize the action, such sounds that are stereotypically featured in action pictures, this effect would have transmitted more of an enthusiastic and stimulating experience on the audience's behalf. Both the style and the form of the play were superb. However I was led to believe that the production was going to be along the lines of Berkoff stylistics, physical theatre. It did although have sufficient amounts of physical theatre, although from my perspective if the play was to have used more of it, it would have improved it, one fine example were the training/dancing sequences, the dancing was absolutely in sync, well coordinated and both matched the theme and emotion of the play. Some of the Gestus were quite mediocre and repetitive, on the other hand some created a chilling atmosphere (e. g. at the end fight when Ajay and Cameron were fighting and using still image combined with Gestus in order to make the fight more intriguing). The utter most outstanding piece of acting style in my opinion was the exaggerated still image to which represented feeling and emotions of the characters. The acting style was a mix of naturalistic at times and physical theatre. In amongst all the physical fight scenes and energetic dance scenes, there were also deep and emotional scenes, for example when Carlotta came onto the stage at the end and dressed her disabled son, I believe it was a directors message, showing how dangerous boxing is as a sport and how detrimentally staining and permanent the outcome can be injury wise, this scene was utterly entrancing. I connected most to this scene as I felt immense sympathy and sadness during this particular moment, as did everyone in the theatre. Frantic Assembly pulled off an outstanding performance, however my personal conclusion is mutual, I neither enjoyed it immensely nor did I dislike it. My final conclusion and memories of this play was that I was thoroughly impressed by the occasional build up of tension, exaggerated still images, the lighting, the shadows which echoed throughout the entire theatre and moreover the music, which was both penetrating and perfectly suited for this type of production. This production allowed the audience to uniquely enter and understand the boxing world in more depth, by expressing and transmitting the emotion into the audience, it unexpectedly highlighted the fighter's feelings and thoughts towards boxing and not just the clichi spectator view and opinion.

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